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EarCell is a startup within the Leonhardt Ventures Cal-X Stars Business Accelerator and Leonhardt’s Launchpads Utah focused on hearing loss recovery via regeneration.
The company utilizes bioelectric stimulation to control release of specific proteins on demand for specific regenerative purposes in sequence:
1. SDF-1 (stem cell homing factor – recruits a persons own stem cells to stimulated tissues).
2. VEGF (for new blood vessel growth).
3 IGF-1 (for DNA repair at the nucleus level).
4. Follistatin (for muscle and tissue regeneration).
5. RANKL (for demineralization and tissue loosening when needed).
6. Hepatocyte Growth Factor (tissue regeneration)
7. eNOS (for dilating blood vessels for increasing flow).
8. Tropoelastin (increases elasticity of any tissues such as skin, arteries, aorta, heart and promotes healing of wounds).
9. Activin B (regeneration).
10. GDF-10 and 11 (regeneration).
11. EGF – epidermal growth factor (regeneration).
12. FGF – fibroblast growth factor (regeneration).
In extreme cases we combine our regeneration microstimulator with an implantable, programmable, re-fillable stem cell/growth factor micro pump.
In cases of ear cancer we have special signals to stop tumor cell division and blood supply followed by the above regeneration protocol.
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Human Hearing Loss Could Be Reversible – The Atlantic
www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2016/07/…hearing–loss…/491777/
The Atlantic
Jul 19, 2016 – Many animals regenerate the tiny hair cells that enable hearing—and there are promising signs that people can be made to do the same.
Future Regenerative Therapies for Hearing Loss: Your Questions …
https://hearinglosscure.stanford.edu/2012/08/future_regenerative_therapies_a_qa/
May 13, 2016 – As such, we thought that readers might find it helpful to have questions about possible future regenerative therapies for hearing loss, answered …
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Inner ear cell therapy targeting hereditary deafness by activation of …
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/…/PMC43072…
National Center for Biotechnology Information
by K Kamiya – 2015 – Cited by 3 – Related articles
Jan 27, 2015 – … were found to be a key regulator for stem cell recruitment to the cochlear tissue. … Keywords: hereditary deafness, stem cell homing, mesenchymal stem cell, inner … (CCR2, CXCR4) in culture dish by the treatment of MCP-1 or SDF–1. … inner ear cell therapy for recovering hearing in hereditary deafness.
Role of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 Expression in the Injured Mouse …
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/…/PMC40784…
National Center for Biotechnology Information
by LA Kilpatrick – 2011 – Cited by 5 – Related articles
Sep 23, 2011 – SDF–1 mRNA expression in normal and ouabain-treated ears was examined ….regeneration or repair after injury; moreover, optimizing SDF–1 …
Study reveals how to regenerate mouse ears without … – Medical Xpress
medicalxpress.com › Genetics
Nov 2, 2015 – Study reveals how to regenerate mouse ears without a scar … Blocking Sdf1 function with a drug or by mouse genetics enhanced tissue …
A topical gel that can reverse sudden hearing loss – io9
io9.com/5698870/a-topical-gel-that-can-reverse-middle-age-hearing–loss
io9
Nov 25, 2010 – The rapid onset of deafness in one ear is often part of a condition called “sudden sensorineural hearing loss” (SSHL for short). Though there …
Regenerative biology: How mice regrow ear tissue : Nature : Nature …
www.nature.com/articles/527136d
Nature
Nov 12, 2015 – Regeneration. Blocking a specific cell-signalling … A compound that inhibits the signalling between Sdf1 and these white blood cells enhanced scar-free regrowth of ear tissue in
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Growth factor-eluting cochlear implant electrode: impact on residual …
https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12967-014-0280-4
by YS Kikkawa – 2014 – Cited by 5 – Related articles
Oct 4, 2014 – CI electrode analogs were coated with IGF1- or HGF-containing … Bioelectricalpotentials were recorded using subdermal stainless steel …
IGF-1 and Hearing Loss/Inner Ear Disorders – Nutronics Labs
www.nutronicslabs.com/igf–1-and-hearing–loss-inner-ear-disorders/
Aug 28, 2014 – IGF–1 and Hearing Loss/Inner Ear Disorders. If you’re familiar with Nutronics Labs’ products, you know that IGF–1 is the major protein naturally …
Topical Gel Shows Potential As Hearing Loss Treatment – Hearing …
www.hearingreview.com/2010/…/topical-gel-shows-potential-as-hearing–loss-treatme…
Dec 16, 2010 – “The results indicated that the topical IGF1 application using gelatin … application results in hearing recovery in some patients with SSHL,” …
Novel therapy for hearing loss: Delivery of insulin-like growth factor 1 …
https://www.researchgate.net/…/6134522_Novel_therapy_for_hearing_loss… ResearchGate
Novel therapy for hearing loss: Delivery of insulin-like growth factor 1 to the cochlea … Prognostic impact of salvage treatment on hearing recovery in patients with … performed a single-armed, prospective clinical trial of topical IGF–1 therapy in …
Hearing Recovery by Local IGF1 Therapy in Sudden Deafness
oto.sagepub.com/content/145/2_suppl/P214.4.abstract
Abstract. Objective: Evaluate hearing recovery following local application of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss …
Application of insulin-like growth factor-1 in the treatment of inner ear …
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/…/PMC41599…
National Center for Biotechnology Information
by N Yamamoto – 2014 – Cited by 10 – Related articles
Sep 10, 2014 – Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF–1) is one of the growth factors that are … It includes age-related hearing loss, noise-induced hearing loss, …
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The discovery of Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) and its significance …
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/…/PMC30811…
National Center for Biotechnology Information
by T NAKAMURA – 2010 – Cited by 182 – Related articles
The discovery of Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) and its significance for cell biology …. Liverregeneration is recognized as an example of controlled tissue growth. …… cDNA restored hearing loss, the most prevalent sensory deficit in humans.
Local application of hepatocyte growth factor using gelatin hydrogels …
www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00016480902725197
by T Inaoka – 2009 – Cited by 21 – Related articles
attenuates noise-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs … containing hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in protecting cochlear hair cells from noise-induced damage.
Hepatocyte growth factor mimetic protects lateral line hair cells … – NCBI
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/…/PMC43091…
National Center for Biotechnology Information
by PM Uribe – 2015 – Related articles
Jan 28, 2015 – Hepatocyte growth factor mimetic protects lateral line hair cells from … Keywords: zebrafish, hair cell protection, hearing loss, aminoglycosides, hepatocyte …… Neomycin-induced hair cell death and rapid regeneration in the …
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New findings hint toward reversing hearing loss | The Source …
https://source.wustl.edu/2015/07/new-findings-hint-toward-reversing-hearing–loss/
Jul 15, 2015 – Unlike birds and amphibians, mammals can’t recover lost hearing. … The absence of certain FGF signals during inner ear development results …
Myc and Fgf Are Required for Zebrafish Neuromast Hair Cell …
journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0157768
by SG Lee – 2016
Jun 28, 2016 – Both MYC and FGF are activated in chick hair cell regeneration. Using a … or through induction after hair cell loss, leading to hearing recovery.
Sensory hair cell development and regeneration: similarities and …
dev.biologists.org/content/142/9/1561
Development
by PJ Atkinson – 2015 – Cited by 15 – Related articles
(A) No sensory hair cell regeneration occurs in the adult mouse cochlea. …. FGF also regulates the later stages of inner ear development and hair cell formation: …
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Hair cell regeneration: winging our way towards a sound future
depts.washington.edu/rubelab/personnel/winging.pdf
University of Washington
by O Bermingham-McDonoghà – 2003 – Cited by 111 – Related articles
The discovery of hair cell regeneration in the inner ear of birds provides new optimism … molecular events, such as growth factors and signalling systems. We examine some of ….. factor α (TGFα) andepidermal growth factor in the presence of …
Hair cell regeneration: An exciting phenomenon . . . But will restoring …
www.rehab.research.va.gov/jour/05/42/4suppl2/matsui.html
Jan 27, 2006 – Abbreviations: EGF = epidermal growth factor, Math1 = mammalian atonal … hearingand balance deficits in humans due to loss of or damage to these cells. ….. Functional recovery in the avian ear after hair cell regeneration.
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Activin potentiates proliferation in mature avian auditory … – NCBI
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/…/20071511 National Center for Biotechnology Information
by JS McCullar – 2010 – Cited by 15 – Related articles
Jan 13, 2010 – … to an inability to regenerate sensory hair cells lost to inner ear trauma. … Conversely, addition of activin A, an Acvr2a/b ligand, potentiates …
Harvard researchers regenerate sound-sensing cells of mice with …
hsci.harvard.edu/…/harvard-researchers-regenerate-sound-sensing-…
Harvard University
Feb 21, 2014 – Despite years of evidence indicating that ear sensory cells do not … new hair cellregeneration strategies to treat hearing loss and deafness.
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The molecular basis of neurosensory cell formation in ear … – NCBI
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/…/PMC39015…
National Center for Biotechnology Information
by B Fritzsch – 2006 – Cited by 101 – Related articles
… increasing likelihood of neurosensory hearing loss with age, thus depriving ….. GDF11 and follistatin determine the expression level of the cyclin-dependent …
‘Mighty mice’ made mightier – News Medical
www.news-medical.net/news/2007/08/29/29233.aspx
Aug 29, 2007 – If follistatin was increasing muscle growth solely by blocking myostatin, then … Researchers discover gene linked to age-related hearing loss.
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Major step toward treatment for a leading form of hearing loss …
hsci.harvard.edu/major-step-toward-treatment-leading-form-hearin…
Harvard University
“We show that hair cells can be generated in a damaged cochlea and that hair cell replacement leads to an improvement in hearing.”. … Sensorineural hearing loss is the most common form and is caused by the loss of sensory hair cells in the cochlea. … Auditory hair cell replacement …
Recent progresses in stem cell research and hearing restoration
www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1672293008500018
ScienceDirect
by Y Hua – 2008 – Related articles
Dec 17, 2014 – Hair cell regeneration is one of the essential steps for total hearing … or basic fibroblastgrowth factors, the number of sphere shaped cells ….. Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation accelerates hearing recovery through the …
Hair cell regeneration: An exciting phenomenon . . . But will restoring …
www.rehab.research.va.gov/jour/05/42/4suppl2/matsui.html
Jan 27, 2006 – The most commonly cited growth factors used to promote hair cell regeneration … Recently, the use of stem cells to repair damaged neurons or prevent ….. Functional recovery in the avian ear after hair cell regeneration.
Growth hormone helps repair the zebrafish ear — ScienceDaily
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/09/110902083737.htm
Science Daily
Sep 5, 2011 – But, since a strong inflammatory response to tissue damage can interfere with wound … New Findings Hint Toward Reversing Hearing Loss.
New treatment options for hearing loss : Nature Reviews Drug …
www.nature.com/nrd/journal/v14/n5/abs/nrd4533.html
Nature
by U Müller – 2015 – Cited by 16 – Related articles
Mar 20, 2015 – Moreover, approaches that are based on stem cells and gene …. bFGF, basic fibroblastgrowth factor; BMP, bone morphogenetic … L. Hearing loss prevalence and risk factors among older adults in the ….. Notch inhibition induces cochlear hair cell regeneration and recovery of hearing after acoustic trauma.
Stem Cells Point Toward a Treatment for Hearing Loss – EarQ
https://www.earq.com/news/stem–cells-treatment-hearing–loss
Researchers at the Indiana University School of Medicine have found a possible way of growing inner-ear hair cells, which allow one to hear and control …
The potential of stem cells for the restoration of auditory function in …
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/…/PMC38025…
National Center for Biotechnology Information
by Z Hu – 2013 – Cited by 13 – Related articles
The challenge in hearing regeneration & stem cell opportunity … Sensorineural hearing loss is a result of dysfunction of the inner ear cochlea. … One potential therapeutic approach is to replace damaged hair cells and SGNs with stem ….. Electrical stimulation of the midbrain for hearingrestoration: insight into the functional .
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Taming Tinnitus with Electrical Stimulation – MIT Technology Review
https://www.technologyreview.com/…/taming-tinnitus-with-e…
MIT Technology Review
May 24, 2010 – Stimulating the vagus nerve may help block phantom sounds by reorganizing the … Most often associated with hearing loss, it has become an …
Direct Electrical Stimulation of the Brain for Tinnitus Relief
https://www.tinnitusformula.com/…/direct-electrical–stimulation-of-the-brain-for-tinnit…
Electrical stimulation of the brain has been used for many years and can offer … It was discovered these implants also reduced tinnitus due to hearing loss. … Upon recovering from surgery, at the first post-operative visit, the selection of the .
Electrical Stimulation Allows Gene Therapy to Restore Auditory …
www.medgadget.com/…/electrical–stimulation-allows-gene-therapy-to-rest…
Medgadget
Apr 24, 2014 – Electrical Stimulation Allows Gene Therapy to Restore Auditory Nerves, … The resulting BDNF expression stimulated regeneration of spiral ganglion … Breakthrough: scientists useear implants to regrow auditory nerves.
Electric stimulation complements functional residual hearing in partial …
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/…/20105110 National Center for Biotechnology Information
by R Podskarbi-Fayette – 2010 – Cited by 26 – Related articles
Acta Otolaryngol. 2010 Aug;130(8):888-96. doi: 10.3109/00016480903567189. Electric stimulationcomplements functional residual hearing in partial deafness.
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